2x Colostrum+

Leaky Gut Repair References

7. Hałasa M, Maciejewska D, Baśkiewicz-Hałasa M, Machaliński B, Safranow K, Stachowska E. Oral Supplementation with Bovine Colostrum Decreases Intestinal Permeability and Stool Concentrations of Zonulin in Athletes. Nutrients. 2017;9(4):370.

• Summary: With a daily dosage of only 500mg, Bovine Colostrum supplementation was found to be both safe and effective at reducing intestinal permeability in athletes.

8. Marchbank T, Davison G, Oakes JR, et al. OC-083 Clinical trial: influence of bovine colostrum on intestinal permeability in healthy athletes after heavy exercise. Gut. 2010;59(Suppl 1):A34.2-A35.

• Summary: Colostrum significantly reduced intestinal permeability caused by heavy exercise. Compared to placebo, it blunted intestinal permeability by 80% and reduced apoptosis by 66%.
  

Eslamian G, Ardehali SH, Baghestani AR, Vahdat Shariatpanahi Z. Effects of early enteral bovine colostrum supplementation on intestinal permeability in critically ill patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutrition. 2019;60:106-111.

• Summary: In a study of 70 ICU patients, bovine colostrum led to significant reductions in plasma endotoxin, zonulin levels and diarrhea when compared to the control group. Researchers noted the important implications for intestinal permeability.

Davison G, Marchbank T, March DS, Thatcher R, Playford RJ. Zinc carnosine works with bovine colostrum in truncating heavy exercise-induced increase in gut permeability in healthy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;104(2):526-536.

• Summary: Colostrum was shown to significantly blunt the impact of exercised induced intestinal permeability by 70% after 14 days as well as reduce apoptosis and epithelial resistance by 35-50%.
  

Prosser C, Stelwagen K, Cummins R, Guerin P, Gill N, Milne C. Reduction in heat-induced gastrointestinal hyperpermeability in rats by bovine colostrum and goat milk powders. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2004;96(2):650-654.

• Summary: In this animal study, bovine colostrum was shown to reduce heat induced intestinal permeability with the study concluding that colostrum may be of benefit where the gut barrier is compromised.

Marchbank T, Davison G, Oakes JR, et al. The nutriceutical bovine colostrum truncates the increase in gut permeability caused by heavy exercise in athletes. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011;300(3):G477-G484.

• Summary: Participants ran for 20 min on a treadmill under controlled laboratory conditions. While running caused a significant increase in gastrointestinal permeability in placebo group, this effect was almost completely blunted in those taking colostrum.

March DS, Jones AW, Thatcher R, Davison G. The effect of bovine colostrum supplementation on intestinal injury and circulating intestinal bacterial DNA following exercise in the heat. Eur J Nutr. 2019;58(4):1441-1451.

• Summary: Participants were required to exercise for 60 min in a chamber set at 30 degrees celsium with 60% humidity. This caused significant increases in iFABP but was blunted by colostrum supplementation.

1. Improves Short Chain Fatty Acid Bacteria

Agradi S, Cremonesi P, Menchetti L, et al. Bovine Colostrum Supplementation Modulates the Intestinal Microbial Community in Rabbits. Animals (Basel). 2023;13(6):976. 

• Summary: Colostrum was found to enhance the presence of short-chain fatty acid microorganisms, which play a crucial role in maintaining gut homeostasis.

2. Combats Gut Pathogen References

Champagne CP, Raymond Y, Pouliot Y, Gauthier SF, Lessard M. Effect of bovine colostrum, cheese whey, and spray-dried porcine plasma on the in vitro growth of probiotic bacteria and Escherichia coli. Can J Microbiol. 2014;60(5):287-295.

• Summary: Bovine colostrum was shown to promote the growth of probiotic bacteria while also inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli

Asbjornsdottir B, Miranda-Ribera A, Fiorentino M, et al. Prophylactic Effect of Bovine Colostrum on Intestinal Microbiota and Behavior in Wild-Type and Zonulin Transgenic Mice. Biomedicines. 2022;11(1):91.

• Summary: In Mice, consumption of bovine colostrum was shown to increase the abundance and diveristy of beneficial bacterial. It also shifted dysbiotic bacterial towards eubiosis (good bacteria). 

Bitzan MM, Gold BD, Philpott DJ, et al. Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori and Helicobacter mustelae binding to lipid receptors by bovine colostrum. J Infect Dis. 1998;177(4):955-961. doi:10.1086/515256

• Summary: This in vitro study showed that Bovine colostrum hinders microbial adhesion to specific lipids, influencing the interaction of H. pylori and other pathogens to their target tissues.

Stuppy W. Probiotics and Colostrum in the Treament of C. difficile Colitis. The American Journal of Gastroenterology. September 2006.

• Summary: After two weeks of supplementing with 250mg of  Saccharomyces boulardii and 960mg of colostrum, 85 out of 87 patients were found free of C difficile toxins A&B. The researcher suggested that this approach should be used over antibiotics.

3. Promote Beneficial Gut Bacteria

Champagne CP, Raymond Y, Pouliot Y, Gauthier SF, Lessard M. Effect of bovine colostrum, cheese whey, and spray-dried porcine plasma on the in vitro growth of probiotic bacteria and Escherichia coli. Can J Microbiol. 2014;60(5):287-295.

• Summary: Bovine colostrum was shown to promote the growth of probiotic bacteria while also inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli

Agradi S, Cremonesi P, Menchetti L, et al. Bovine Colostrum Supplementation Modulates the Intestinal Microbial Community in Rabbits. Animals (Basel). 2023;13(6):976. 

• Summary: Colostrum was found to enhance the presence of short-chain fatty acid microorganisms, which play a crucial role in maintaining gut homeostasis.

Menchetti L, Curone G, Filipescu IE, et al. The prophylactic use of bovine colostrum in a murine model of TNBS-Induced colitis. Animals. 2020;10(3):492

• Bovine colostrum was shown to increase the growth of beneficial gut bacteria such as Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp.

Asbjornsdottir B, Miranda-Ribera A, Fiorentino M, et al. Prophylactic Effect of Bovine Colostrum on Intestinal Microbiota and Behavior in Wild-Type and Zonulin Transgenic Mice. Biomedicines. 2022;11(1):91.

• Summary: In Mice, consumption of bovine colostrum was shown to increase the abundance and diveristy of beneficial bacterial. It also shifted dysbiotic bacterial towards eubiosis (good bacteria). 

Elsasser TH, Ma B, Ravel J, Kahl S, Gajer P, Cross A. Short-term feeding of defatted bovine colostrum mitigates inflammation in the gut via changes in metabolites and microbiota in a chicken animal model. Anim Microbiome. 2023;5(1):6.

• Summary: Bovine Colostrum had a beneficial impact on microbiota, particularly in promoting the presence of the bacterial types associated with eubiosis and the segmented filamentous bacteria 

4. Repair Intestinal Cells

Playford RJ, Floyd DN, Macdonald CE, et al. Bovine colostrum is a health food supplement which prevents NSAID induced gut damage. Gut. 1999;44(5):653-658.

• Summary: Bovine colostrum reduced gastrointestinal injury in rats by 30-60% after NSAID administration. Researchers found it to be an inexpensive approach for preventing and treating the harmful effects of NSAIDs on the gut and potentially had implications for other ulcerative bowel conditions.

Cairangzhuoma, Yamamoto M, Muranishi H, et al. Skimmed, sterilized, and concentrated bovine late colostrum promotes both prevention and recovery from intestinal tissue damage in mice. J Dairy Sci. 2013;96(3):1347-1355.

• Summary: Following NSAID administration, bovine colostrum was found to promote growth and healing of the intestinal villi (gut wall) in mice. Researchers recommended colostrum as potential therapeutic agent for ulcerative and inflammatory conditions of the bowel.

Kim JW, Jeon WK, Kim EJ. Combined effects of bovine colostrum and glutamine in diclofenac-induced bacterial translocation in rat. Clin Nutr. 2005;24(5):785-793.

• Summary:  Using bovine colostrum and glutamine together may effectively decrease gut damage and Bacterial translocation caused by NSAIDs in rats. 

Khan Z, Macdonald C, Wicks AC, et al. Use of the 'nutriceutical', bovine colostrum, for the treatment of distal colitis: results from an initial study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;16(11):1917-1922.

• Summary: This study showed that a colostrum enema improved symptoms of ulcerative colitis, such as abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, bowel frequency, and stool consistency

Chae A, Aitchison A, Day AS, Keenan JI. Bovine colostrum demonstrates anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity in in vitro models of intestinal inflammation and infection. Journal of Functional Foods. 2017;28:293-298.

• Summary: An in vitro investigation on the effects of colostrum on intestinal cells, showed a decrease in inflammation and bacterial adhesion to intestinal cells. Bovine colostrum and its bioactive constituents may alleviate the clinical course of inflammatory diseases, like IBD. 

Bodammer P, Maletzki C, Waitz G, Emmrich J. Prophylactic application of bovine colostrum ameliorates murine colitis via induction of immunoregulatory cells. J Nutr. 2011;141(6):1056-1061. 

• Summary: In induced colitis in mice, prophylactic administration of bovine colostrum reduced clinical severity, weight loss, and colorectal inflammation compared to the control group.

Menchetti L, Curone G, Filipescu IE, et al. The prophylactic use of bovine colostrum in a murine model of TNBS-Induced colitis. Animals. 2020;10(3):492

• Summary: In induced colitis in mice, prophylactic administration of bovine colostrum resulted in a decrease in inflammatory indicators compared to control. Researchers determined that colostrum has the potential to be utilised as a natural supplement in the treatment of IBD.

5. Helps Clear Endotoxin/LPS

Döhler JR, Nebermann L. Bovine colostrum in oral treatment of enterogenic endotoxaemia in rats. Crit Care. 2002;6(6):536-539.

• Summary: In this animal study, Bovine colostrum and Bovine colostrum enriched with lactoferrin were shown to reduce 67% and 80% of the plasma levels of endotoxins.

Bölke E, Jehle PM, Hausmann F, et al. Preoperative oral application of immunoglobulin-enriched colostrum milk and mediator response during abdominal surgery. Shock. 2002;17(1):9-12.

• Summary: Bovine colostrum was successfully used in a randomised pilot human study to reduce endotoxin levels generated after abdominal surgery. 

Eslamian G, Ardehali SH, Baghestani AR, Vahdat Shariatpanahi Z. Effects of early enteral bovine colostrum supplementation on intestinal permeability in critically ill patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutrition. 2019;60:106-111. 

• Summary: In this study of 70 ICU patients, those taking bovine colostrum had significantly less plasma endotoxin levels compared to the control group.

Seifert J, Molkewehrum M, Oesser S, Nebermann L, Schulze C. Endotoxin inactivation by enterally applied colostrum of different composition. Eur Surg Res. 2002;34(1-2):68-72.

• Summary: The oral application of lactoferrin-enriched colostrum decreased endotoxin values by more than 50% in rats.

6. 3x More Effective Than the Flu Vaccine

Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Di Renzo A, et al. Prevention of influenza episodes with colostrum compared with vaccination in healthy and high-risk cardiovascular subjects: the epidemiologic study in San Valentino. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2007;13(2):130-136.

• Summary: Colostrum is 3x more effective than vaccination in preventing the flu.

Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Cornelli U, et al. Prevention of flu episodes with colostrum and Bifivir compared with vaccination: an epidemiological, registry study. Panminerva Med. 2010;52(4):269-275.

• Summary: The number of flu episodes registered using immunomodulators like colostrum was significantly lower than those observed in patients using flu vaccinations or no prevention method at all.

7. Protect Against Respiratory Tract Infections

Baśkiewicz-Hałasa M, Stachowska E, Grochans E, et al. Moderate Dose Bovine Colostrum Supplementation in Prevention of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Medical University Students: A Randomized, Triple Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2023;15(8):1925. 

• Summary: Compared to placebo, medical students taking colostrum had a significant level of protection from URTIs when looking at frequency of symptomatic days, severity and also general well being.

Patıroğlu T, Kondolot M. The effect of bovine colostrum on viral upper respiratory tract infections in children with immunoglobulin A deficiency. Clin Respir J. 2013;7(1):21-26.

• Summary: In a study of 31 children with IgA deficiency and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, it was found that those who took bovine colostrum had decreased infection severity scores compared to those who took a placebo after just 1 week.

Hałasa M, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Machaliński B, Bühner L, Baśkiewicz-Hałasa M. Six Weeks of Supplementation with Bovine Colostrum Effectively Reduces URTIs Symptoms Frequency and Gravity for Up to 20 Weeks in Pre-School Children. Nutrients. 2023;15(16):3626. 

• Summary: In preschool children, low dose colostrum supplementation was shown to provide significant protection from the frequency of URTIs and their severity

Saad K, Abo-Elela MGM, El-Baseer KAA, et al. Effects of bovine colostrum on recurrent respiratory tract infections and diarrhea in children. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(37):e4560.

• Summary: Bovine colostrum was shown to significantly effective at the preventing recurrent URTIs and diarrhoea - along with the hospitalisations associated with these symptoms.

8. Reduces Severity of Rotavirus

Barakat SH, Meheissen MA, Omar OM, Elbana DA. Bovine Colostrum in the Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. J Trop Pediatr. 2020;66(1):46-55.

• Summary: In patients with rotavirus, those who received bovine colostrum had significantly lower severity of diarrhoea compared to placebo. The disappearance of diarrhoea was also significantly earlier than those not taking colostrum

Inagaki M, Yamamoto M, Xijier, et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the efficacy of bovine colostrum against human rotavirus infection. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2010;74(3):680-682.

• Summary: Bovine colostrum was found to exhibit high potency in inhibiting replication of human rotavirus in vitro. Prophylactic use of colostrum (meaning taking it before getting sick) also prevented the development of diarrhoea in mice..

9. Immune Protection for Elite Athletes

Shing CM, Peake J, Suzuki K, et al. Effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on immune variables in highly trained cyclists. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007;102(3):1113-1122.

• Summary: This study found that low dose bovine colostrum can positively impact immune factors in highly trained cyclists, both during normal training and after intense exercise. As a result, participants who took colostrum experienced a reduction in upper respiratory illness.

Jones AW, Thatcher R, March DS, Davison G. Influence of 4 weeks of bovine colostrum supplementation on neutrophil and mucosal immune responses to prolonged cycling. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2015;25(6):788-796. 

• Summary: 4 weeks of bovine colostrum was shown to have beneficial effects on receptor-mediated stimulation of neutrophil oxidative burst which may help combat exercise-induced immune dysfunction

Crooks C, Cross ML, Wall C, Ali A. Effect of bovine colostrum supplementation on respiratory tract mucosal defenses in swimmers. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2010;20(3):224-235.

• Summary: In a study of elite swimmers, athletes experienced fewer URIs when they consumed bovine colostrum

Crooks CV, Wall CR, Cross ML, Rutherfurd-Markwick KJ. The effect of bovine colostrum supplementation on salivary IgA in distance runners. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2006;16(1):47-64.

• Summary: In long distance runners, bovine colostrum was shown to increase s-IgA levels by 79% after 12 weeks of supplementation. Secretory IgA is a known mucosal immune booster and protector again URTI’s.

10. Improve Sprint Test Performance

Hofman Z, Smeets R, Verlaan G, Lugt Rv, Verstappen PA. The effect of bovine colostrum supplementation on exercise performance in elite field hockey players. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2002;12(4):461-469.

• Summary: In a study looking at 8 weeks of bovine colostrum supplementation in elite hockey players, it was found that colostrum significantly improved sprint test and vertical jump performance when compared to whey. 

11. Enhance Recovery In Endurance Athletes

Buckley JD, Abbott MJ, Brinkworth GD, Whyte PB. Bovine colostrum supplementation during endurance running training improves recovery, but not performance. J Sci Med Sport. 2002;5(2):65-79.

• Summary: Bovine colostrum supplementation taken during endurance training was shown to improve performance by 5.2% after 8 weeks with researchers putting it down to colostrum enhancing recovery

12. Improved Post Exercise Muscle Damage

Kotsis Y, Mikellidi A, Aresti C, et al. A low-dose, 6-week bovine colostrum supplementation maintains performance and attenuates inflammatory indices following a Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test in soccer players. Eur J Nutr. 2018;57(3):1181-1195.

• Summary: In a study analyzing the effects of low dose bovine colostrum supplementation in soccer players, colostrum demonstrated a reduction in post-exercise induced muscle damage and an improvement in performance when compared to controls

13. Improve Racing/Cycling Times

Coombs JS, et al. Dose effects of oral bovine colostrum on physical work capacity in cyclists. Medicine Science Sports Exercise 34(7): 1184-8 (2002).

• Summary: 8 weeks of colostrum supplementation enhanced cycling performance. Compared to initial performance measured 8 weeks earlier, those taking colostrum improved their time by 158 seconds while those taking whey protein only improved their time by 37 seconds.

14. Boost Peak Anaerobic Powder

Buckley JD, Brinkworth GD, Abbott MJ. Effect of bovine colostrum on anaerobic exercise performance and plasma insulin-like growth factor I. J Sports Sci. 2003;21(7):577-588.

• Summary: In 51 males doing resistance and plyometric training, bovine colostrum taken during training was shown to increase peak anaerobic powder.

15. Enhance Tissue Growth & Muscle Strength

Duff WR, Chilibeck PD, Rooke JJ, Kaviani M, Krentz JR, Haines DM. The effect of bovine colostrum supplementation in older adults during resistance training. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2014;24(3):276-285.

• Summary:  Bovine colostrum taken during resistance training improved leg press strength and reduced bone resorption in older adults. Both colostrum and whey protein enhanced upper body strength, muscle thickness, tissue mass, and cognitive function.

16. Increases Lean Body Mass

Antonio J, Sanders MS, Van Gammeren D. The effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on body composition and exercise performance in active men and women. Nutrition. 2001;17(3):243-247.

• Summary: Supplementation with bovine colostrum in combination with exercise training for 8 weeks was shown to increase bone-free lean body mass in active men and women

17. Increases Serum IGF-1

Mero A, Miikkulainen H, Riski J, Pakkanen R, Aalto J, Takala T. Effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on serum IGF-I, IgG, hormone, and saliva IgA during training. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1997;83(4):1144-1151.

• Summary: Bovine colostrum was found to increase serum IGF-1 in male sprinting and jumping athletes during strength and speed training

18. Improves Metabolic Health

Kim JH, Jung WS, Choi NJ, Kim DO, Shin DH, Kim YJ. Health-promoting effects of bovine colostrum in Type 2 diabetic patients can reduce blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and ketones. J Nutr Biochem. 2009;20(4):298-303.

• Summary: Type 2 diabetics who consumed bovine colostrum experienced reduced blood glucose and ketone levels. Colostrum supplementation also resulted in lower Cholesterol and triglyceride levels, potentially impacting Type 2 Diabetes complications.

Nikolic I, Stojanovic I, Vujicic M, et al. Standardized bovine colostrum derivative impedes development of type 1 diabetes in rodents. Immunobiology. 2017;222(2):272-279.

• Summary: In rats with type 1 diabetes, standardised colostrum was associated with reduced insulitis and modulation of the immune system

19. Shorten Wound Healing Times

Kshirsagar AY, Vekariya MA, Gupta V, et al. A comparative study of colostrum dressing versus conventional dressing in deep wounds. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015;9(4):PC01-PC4.

• Summary: Compared to traditional dressings, colostrum dressings resulted in shorter healing time, rapid healing and decreased pain compared to the control group.

Panigrahi A ,Sahoo M , Mohapatra S, et al. Role of Bovine Colostrum in Healing of Chronic Non-Healing Ulcers – A Clinical Study. Journal of Medical Science & Clinical Research. 2018; 6(11): 204-207.

• Summary: In 60 patients with non healing ulcers, those who applied colostrum powder had a significant increase in wound healing in the compared to conventional treatment. Bovine colostrum has significant wound healing properties.

20. Stimulate Skin Repair & Regeneration

Kaur T, Joshi A, Singh N. Natural cocktail of bioactive factors conjugated on nanofibrous dressing for improved wound healing. Biomaterials Advances. 2022;143:213163.

Summary: In vitro, colostrum stimulated skin repair and regeneration by direct action on genetic material. Significantly less inflammation in colostrum treated wounds was observed due to anti-inflammatory properties of lactoferrin and other growth factors.

21. Enhance keratinocyte proliferation and migration

Kovacs D, Cardinali G, Aspite N, Picardo M. Bovine colostrum promotes growth and migration of the human keratinocyte HaCaT cell line. Growth Factors. 2009;27(6):448-455.

• Summary: An in vitro study found that colostrum stimulated keratinocyte proliferation and migration which is essential for tissue repair. Researchers put it down to the growth factors found in colostrum.

22. Stimulate Healing in Chronic Non Healing Ulcers

Panigrahi A ,Sahoo M , Mohapatra S, et al. Role of Bovine Colostrum in Healing of Chronic Non-Healing Ulcers – A Clinical Study. Journal of Medical Science & Clinical Research. 2018; 6(11): 204-207.

• Summary: In 60 patients with non healing ulcers, those who applied colostrum powder had a significant increase in wound healing in the compared to conventional treatment. Bovine colostrum has significant wound healing properties.

23. Improve Nasal Allergy & Sinus Symtpoms

Wong CJ. O033 Bovine colostrum as an adjunct therapy in the control of allergic respiratory disease in children. Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology. 2016;117(5):S12.

• Summary: In a study looking at the role of colostrum in combating allergies, it was found that bovine colostrum significantly reduced nasal allergy symptoms while also improving pulmonary or lung function